Essiet, Akanimo Gordon, Gordon, Anietie A, Uredo, Augustina and Essien, Atim

Citation: Essiet, Akanimo Gordon1, Gordon, Anietie A, Uredo, Augustina and Essien, Atim (2025) Environmental determinants of cardiovascular and metabolic disease among persons exposed to hydrocarbon pollution- a systematic review. Frontline Professionals Journal 2(3), 8-27

ABSTRACT

The environmental factors of most cardiovascular and metabolic disorders in people exposed to hydrocarbon pollution are examined in this comprehensive study. The growing worldwide burden of disease linked to environmental variables, especially air pollution, serves as the impetus for the study. Growing urbanisation increases exposure to contaminants like hydrocarbons, especially PAHs, particularly in developing nations. A considerable fraction of deaths globally from cardiovascular disease (CVD) are associated with this exposure. The search strategy employed was PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines applied for selection procedures and presentation of the results. The main Search strategy for this review was the identification and use of Electronic search machines.  We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science (Science Citation Index), Africa Wide Information, African Index Medicus (AIM), and AFROLIB databases for published studies on environmental pollution, and e-Library, as well as determinants of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases among persons exposed to pollution and more specifically hydrocarbon pollution.  The review complies with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews criteria and searches numerous databases thoroughly for research up to January 31, 2023. The result reveals that a total of 820 publications were identified: PubMed, n = 7; Scopus, n = 3; Google Scholar, n= 780; MEDLINE, n=5;  ISI Web of Science (Science Citation Index),n=3; Africa Wide Information, n=2; African Index Medicus (AIM),n=3 and AFROLIB Web of Science, n = 9; eLIBRARY.RU, n = 8; After removing duplicates (n = 470), 350 articles were evaluated by title, resulting in eliminating of 210 of them. Abstracts of the remaining articles were analyzed, and 121 papers were excluded. The full text of 19 articles were assessed by two authors: the main author and a second author.  This study is anticipated to provide light on the silent public health problem that is air pollution and its connection to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Particularly in emerging nations with high levels of hydrocarbon pollution, the findings will be extremely important for shaping public health policies and interventions.

Keywords: Air pollution, Hydrocarbon exposure, cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, Environmental pollution, Environmental determinants and Epidemiological evidence